MVC Architecture

What is MVC?

Model View Controller - is a pattern to separate concerns in the application. It is a design pattern that separates the application into three main components: Model, View, and Controller.

• Model - represents the data, the business logic, and the rules of the application.
• View - represents the user interface, the presentation layer of the application.
• Controller - acts as an interface between Model and View, it receives the input from the user and processes it (request/response).

Examples

File structure

ExpressJS

HTML template code:

<h1>{{ title }}</h1>
<p>{{ message }}</p>

Backend server serving the template:

app.get('/:documentID', (req, res) => {
    const { documentID } = req.params
    const isAllowedToView = req.user.isAllowedToView(documentID)
    if (!isAllowedToView) {
        res.status(403).send('You are not allowed to view this document')
        return
    }
 
    const document = Document.findById(documentID) // fetch Document from DB
    res.render('index', { title: document.title, message: document.message })
})

Document is our model, html template is our view, and the controller is the document.controller.js.

When to use MVC?

Use MVC when:

Next

In this article we have learned how to and when utilize MVC architecture.

Check Web Architectures to learn more about different architectures.

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